1. Introduction to JavaScript JavaScript is one of the most popular programming languages in the world, and it plays an essential role in modern web development. Created in 1995 by Brendan Eich while working at Netscape Communications, JavaScript has become the standard language for client-side scripting, allowing developers to build interactive websites and web applications. What is JavaScript? JavaScript is a dynamic, high-level, interpreted programming language. It is primarily used for client-side web development to create interactive effects within web browsers, though it can also be used server-side via environments like Node.js. The primary purpose of JavaScript is to make websites interactive. Whether it’s handling a user’s click on a button or dynamically updating content, JavaScript powers modern web applications. In addition to basic web development tasks, JavaScript has evolved to handle complex tasks such as data manipulation, real-time communication (via WebSockets), and ...