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 A database is a structured collection of information or data that is stored and organized so it can be easily accessed, managed, and updated. Example: Think of a library. The books in the library are like data. The library organizes these books in a way that makes it easy for you to find the book you need. Similarly, a database organizes data so you can quickly retrieve specific information. Types of database Databases come in various types, each suited to different kinds of tasks. Here are a few common types with examples: 1. Relational Databases (SQL)     Example: MySQL, PostgreSQL     Description : These databases store data in tables, like a spreadsheet with rows and columns. They are good for data that fits neatly into these tables, like a list of employees with their names, IDs, and salaries. 2. NoSQL Databases     Example: MongoDB, Cassandra     Description: These databases are more flexible and can store different kinds of data t...

  Databases evolved from simple flat files to structured relational databases , improving data organization. Later, NoSQL databases emerged, offering flexibility for diverse data types and large volumes. This evolution caters to the increasing complexity and diversity of data storage needs. Evolution of Database Systems: 1. File Systems:    Early systems used file-based approaches to store and manage data.    Data redundancy and inconsistency were common issues.    Lack of data integrity and centralized control. 2. Hierarchical Databases:    Introduced a hierarchical structure to organize data.    Relationships represented as parent-child links.    Improved data organization but still lacked flexibility. 3 . Network Databases:     Enhanced flexibility with a network model.     Introduced the concept of records and sets.     Complex relationships were possible, but navigation was challenging....