Introduction to Object-Oriented Programming (OOP) Object-Oriented Programming (OOP) is a programming paradigm centered around the concept of objects. These objects can contain data, in the form of fields (often known as attributes or properties), and code, in the form of procedures (methods). OOP provides a structured approach to software development, enabling programmers to create modular and reusable code. Historical Context The roots of OOP can be traced back to the 1960s and 1970s with the development of languages like Simula, which introduced the concept of classes and objects. However, it was in the 1980s, with the emergence of languages such as Smalltalk, that OOP gained popularity. Today, languages like Java, C++, Python, and C# heavily utilize OOP principles, making it a foundational concept in modern software engineering. Key Concepts of OOP OOP is built on four primary principles: encapsulation, inheritance, polymorphism, and abstraction. Each of these principles contr...